Can Apple Macs get Viruses?

While Apple goes to great lengths to keep all its devices safe, this doesn’t mean your Mac is immune to all computer viruses. What does Apple provide in terms of antivirus protection? In this article, we will discuss some signs that your Mac may be infected with a virus or malware, the built-in protections that Apple provides, and how you can protect your computer and yourself from threats beyond viruses.

What is a Mac virus?

A computer virus is a piece of code that inserts itself into an application or operating system and spreads when that program is run. While viruses exist, most modern threats to macOS come in the form of other malicious software, also known as malware. While technically different from viruses, malware impacts your Mac computers similarly: it compromises your device, data, and privacy.

Macs are not invulnerable to being hacked

While Apple’s macOS has robust security features, it’s not impenetrable. Cybercriminals can compromise a Mac through several methods that bypass traditional virus signatures. Common attack vectors include software vulnerabilities, phishing attacks that steal passwords, drive-by downloads from compromised websites, malicious browser extensions that seem harmless, or remote access Trojans disguised as legitimate software.

Common types of viruses and malware

Understanding the common types of viruses and malware that target macOS can help you better protect your device and data. Here’s a closer look at the most prevalent forms of malware that Mac users should watch out for.

• Adware and potentially unwanted programs (PUPs): These programs hijack your browser, alter your search engine, and bombard you with pop-up ads, severely impacting performance and privacy.
• Trojans: Disguised as legitimate software, such as fake Adobe Flash Player installers or system optimization tools, trojans create a backdoor on your Mac for attackers to steal data, install other malware, or take control of your device.
• Spyware and keyloggers: This malicious software operates silently in the background, recording your keystrokes, capturing login credentials, and monitoring your activity to steal sensitive personal and financial information.
• Ransomware: A particularly damaging threat, ransomware encrypts your personal files, photos, and documents, making them inaccessible. Attackers then demand a hefty ransom payment for the decryption key.
• Cryptominers: This malware hijacks your Mac’s processing power to mine for cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. It doesn’t steal data but can cause extreme slowdowns, overheating, and increased electricity usage.

Signs that your Mac may be hacked

Whether hackers physically sneak it onto your device or by tricking you into installing it via a phony app, a sketchy website, or a phishing attack, viruses and malware can create problems for you in a couple of ways:

Performance issues

Is your device operating slower, are web pages and apps harder to load, or does your battery never seem to keep a charge? These are all signs that you could have a virus or malware running in the background, zapping your device’s resources.

Your computer heats up

Malware or mining apps running in the background can burn extra computing power and data, causing your computer to operate at a high temperature or overheat.

Mystery apps or data

If you find unfamiliar apps you didn’t download, along with messages and emails that you didn’t send, that’s a red flag. A hacker may have hijacked your computer to send messages or to spread malware to your contacts. Similarly, if you see spikes in your data usage, that could be a sign of a hack as well.

Pop-ups or changes to your screen

Malware can also be behind spammy pop-ups, unauthorized changes to your home screen, or bookmarks to suspicious websites. In fact, if you see any configuration changes you didn’t personally make, this is another big clue that your computer has been hacked.

Browser redirects

Your browser’s homepage or default search engine changes without your permission, and searches are redirected to unfamiliar sites. Check your browser’s settings and extensions for anything you don’t recognize.

Disabled security features

Your antivirus software or macOS firewall is disabled without your action. Some viruses or malware are capable of turning off your security software to allow them to perform their criminal activities.

Check your Mac for viruses and malware

Fortunately, there are easy-to-use tools and key steps to help you validate for viruses and malware so you can take action before any real damage is done.

1. Check activity monitor: Navigate to Applications > Utilities > Activity Monitor and look for any unknown processes using a disproportionate amount of CPU or memory. A quick web search can help identify if a suspicious process is malicious.
2. Review login items: Go to System Settings > General > Login Items. Check the “Open at Login” and “Allow in the Background” sections for any apps you don’t recognize and disable them.
3. Inspect system profiles: In System Settings > Privacy & Security, scroll down to “Profiles.” If you see any profiles you did not intentionally install, aside from those for work or school, remove them.
4. Audit browser extensions: Open your web browsers and review installed extensions. Remove any that you did not add or no longer use.
5. Run a security scan: The most reliable method is to use a dedicated security application. Run a full system scan with a trusted program to detect and remove any malware that manual checks may have missed.
6. Update everything: Ensure your macOS and all installed applications are up to date. Updates frequently contain critical security patches that protect against known vulnerabilities exploited by hackers.

Built-in antivirus solution

Macs contain several built-in features that help protect them from viruses:

• XProtect and quarantine: XProtect is Apple’s proprietary antivirus software built into all Macs since 2009. It works the same as any other antivirus, scanning suspicious files and apps for malware, then quarantining or limiting their access to the Mac’s operating system and other key functions. XProtect relies on up-to-date information to spot malicious files. However, this information may be outdated, and may not always protect Mac users from the latest threats.
• Malware removal tool: To further keep Apple users protected, the malware removal tool scans Macs to spot and catch any malware that may have slipped past XProtect. Similar to XProtect, it relies on a set of constantly updated definitions to identify potential malware, removes malware upon receiving updated information, and continues to check for infections on restart and login.
• Notarization and Gatekeeper: Apps for Apple devices go through a review before they are distributed and sold outside the App Store. When this review turns up no instances of malware, Apple issues a notarization ticket. That ticket is recognized in the macOS Gatekeeper, which verifies the ticket and allows the app to launch. If a previously approved app is later found to be malicious, Apple revokes its notarization and prevents it from running.
• App Store review: All apps that wish to be sold on the Apple App Store must go through Apple’s App Store review. While not strictly a review for malware, security matters are considered in this process to ensure that all apps posted on the App Store are “reliable, perform as expected, respect user privacy, and are free of objectionable content.”

• Other features: In addition to the above, Apple includes technologies that prevent malware from doing more harm, such as preventing damage to critical system files.

Do I need an antivirus for my Mac?

There are a couple of reasons why Mac users may want to consider additional protection on top of the built-in antivirus safeguards:

1. Apple’s antivirus may not recognize the latest threats. These tools primarily rely on known virus definitions, which may lag behind the latest cyberthreats including “zero-day” incidents. This leaves Mac owners susceptible to attack if they solely rely on XProtect and other features.
2. The Mac’s built-in security measures largely focus on viruses and malware. While protecting yourself from viruses and malware is of utmost importance, the reality is that antivirus is not enough. They don’t block other forms of harmful activity, such as phishing attacks, malicious apps downloaded outside of the App Store, suspicious links, prying eyes on public Wi-Fi, data breaches, and identity theft, among others.

Macs are like any other connected device. They’re also susceptible to the wider world of threats and vulnerabilities on the internet. For this reason, Mac users should think about bolstering their defenses further with online protection software.

Your guide to removing a Mac virus

If you suspect your Mac has been infected with a virus or other malware, acting quickly is essential to protect your personal data and stop the threat from spreading. Fortunately, this can be effectively done with a combination of manual steps and trusted security software:

1. Disconnect from the internet: Immediately disconnect from Wi-Fi or unplug the ethernet cable to prevent the malware from communicating with its server or spreading.
2. Remove suspicious apps: Open your Applications folder. Drag any unfamiliar or recently installed suspicious applications to the Trash and then empty it.
3. Delete malicious files: Malware often hides files in your Library folders. Navigate to Finder > Go > Go to Folder and check paths like ~/Library/LaunchAgents and /Library/LaunchDaemons for suspicious files. Be cautious when deleting system files.
4. Clean up browsers: Remove any unknown extensions from your web browsers and reset your homepage and search engine settings if they were altered.
5. Run a security scan: The safest and most effective method is to run a full scan with a trusted security solution. This will automatically identify, quarantine, and remove all traces of the infection.
6. Restore from a clean backup: If the infection is severe and persistent, your best option may be to erase your Mac and cautiously restore from a Time Machine backup created *before* you noticed signs of the virus. If you restore from a backup version that was already infected, you will re-introduce the malware to your clean system.

Last resort: Reinstalling your macOS

In the most extreme cases, erasing your hard drive and reinstalling a fresh copy of macOS is a very effective way to eliminate viruses and malware. This process wipes out all data, including the malicious software. This, however, is considered the last resort for deep-rooted infections that are difficult to remove manually.

Future-proof your Mac from viruses

As cyber threats grow more sophisticated, taking proactive steps now can protect your device, your data, and your identity in the long run. Here are simple but powerful ways to future-proof your Mac, and help ensure your device stays protected against tomorrow’s threats before they reach you:

• Keep everything updated: Enable automatic updates for macOS and your applications. This is the single most important step to protect against vulnerabilities.
• Download from trusted sources only: Stick to the Apple App Store or the official websites of reputable developers. Avoid downloading software from unvetted third-party aggregators or torrent sites.
• Use strong passwords and multi-factor authentication (MFA): Protect your Apple ID and other accounts with long, complex, and unique passwords and enable MFA to prevent unauthorized access.
• Be skeptical of unsolicited messages: Do not click on links or download attachments in suspicious emails or texts. These are primary methods for delivering malware and conducting phishing attacks.
• Install comprehensive security software: Use a trusted security suite like McAfee+ for real-time protection that goes beyond Apple’s built-in tools, offering features like web protection, a firewall, and anti-phishing technology.
• Back up your data regularly: Maintain regular backups of your important files using Time Machine or a cloud service. This ensures you can recover your data without paying a ransom in a ransomware attack.
• Stay informed: Be aware of the threats out there and take a proactive stance to fill the gaps in protection. Comprehensive security suites like McAfee+ can take care of it for you. Our exclusive Protection Score checks your online safety, identifies any gaps, and offers personalized guidance to seal those cracks.

Best digital habits to practice

Staying safe online isn’t just about having the right software—it’s about making smart choices every day. Adopting strong digital habits can drastically reduce your risk of falling victim to viruses, scams, or data breaches.

• Browse safely: Be wary of unsolicited links, pop-up windows, and urgent warnings. Use a web protection tool to block known malicious websites before they can load.
• Scrutinize downloads: Never install software from an untrusted source. Read installation prompts carefully to deselect any bundled optional software or PUPs.
• Improve email hygiene: Treat emails with attachments or links with caution, even from known senders, as their accounts could be compromised. Verify any unusual requests through a separate communication channel.
• Review app permissions: When an application asks for permission to access your contacts, location, or other data, consider if it truly needs that access to function. Deny any unnecessary requests.
• Enable your firewall: Ensure the macOS firewall is turned on in System Settings > Network > Firewall. This provides a basic but important barrier against unsolicited incoming network connections.

It’s about protecting yourself

An important part of a McAfee’s Protection Score involves protecting your identity and privacy beyond the antivirus solution. While online threats have evolved, McAfee has elevated its online protection software to thwart hackers, scammers, and cyberthieves who aim to steal your personal info, online banking accounts, financial info, and even your social media accounts to commit identity theft and fraud in your name. As you go about your day online, online protection suites help you do it more privately and safely. Comprehensive security solutions like McAfee+ include:

• Personal data cleanup reveals which high-risk data brokers and search sites are collecting and selling your personal information. It then requests the removal of your information, confirms completion, and conducts ongoing scans as your data continues to be collected.
• Unlimited secure VPN automatically connects to public Wi-Fi to protect your online privacy and safeguards personal data while you bank, shop, or browse online.
• Identity theft and stolen funds coverage reimburses up to $1 million in lost funds or expenses, including losses to 401(k) accounts, while restoring your identity.
• Ransomware coverage reimburses up to $25,000 for losses and ransom fees.
• Licensed restoration experts who help repair identity and credit issues, including assistance with the identity fraud of a deceased family member.
• Credit monitoring promptly alerts you about changes to your credit score, report, and accounts and guides you on actions needed to tackle identity theft.
• Credit Score and Report help you stay on top of daily changes to your credit score and report, from a single location.
• Security freeze prevents unauthorized access to existing accounts or new ones being set up in your name with a credit, bank, or utility account freeze.
• Identity monitoring scans for up to 60 unique pieces of personal information on the dark web with timely alerts up to 10 months sooner than competitive products.

FAQs about Mac viruses

Can Macs get viruses from Safari?

Yes. While Safari has built-in security features, you can still get a Mac virus by visiting a compromised website that initiates a drive-by download or by being tricked into downloading and running a malicious file.

Do pop-ups mean my Mac is infected?

Not necessarily. Many websites use aggressive pop-up advertising. However, if you see persistent pop-ups that are difficult to close, or fake virus warnings, it’s a strong sign of an adware infection.

Is adware a type of malware?

Yes. While some consider it less harmful than a trojan, adware is a form of malware. It compromises your browsing experience, tracks your activity, slows down your computer, and can serve as a gateway for more dangerous infections.

How often should you scan for viruses?

If you have a security suite with real-time protection, your Mac is continuously monitored. It is still good practice to run a full system scan at least once a week for peace of mind.

Can iPhones spread malware to Macs?

Direct infection via a cable is extremely unlikely due to the security architecture of both operating systems. The greater risk comes from shared accounts. A malicious link or file opened on one device and synced via iCloud, or a compromised Apple ID, could affect your other devices.

Final thoughts

Current trends show a rise in sophisticated adware and PUPs that are often bundled with legitimate-looking software. Cybercriminals are also focusing on malicious browser extensions that steal data and credentials, injecting malicious code into legitimate software updates, or devising clever ways to bypass Apple’s notarization process. Given these developments, Macs can and do get viruses and are subject to threats just like any other computer. While Apple provides a strong security foundation, their operating systems may not offer the full breadth of protection you need, particularly against online identity theft and the latest malware threats. Combining an updated system, smart online habits, and a comprehensive protection solution helps you stay well ahead of emerging threats. Regularly reviewing your Mac’s security posture and following the tips outlined here will also enable you to use your device with confidence and peace of mind.

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What Personal Data Do Companies Track?

Private tech companies gather tremendous amounts of user data. These companies can afford to let you use social media platforms free of charge because it’s paid for by your data, attention, and time.

Big tech derives most of its profits by selling your attention to advertisers — a well-known business model. Various documentaries (like Netflix’s “The Social Dilemma”) have tried to get to the bottom of the complex algorithms that big tech companies employ to mine and analyze user data for the benefit of third-party advertisers.

What info can companies collect?

Tech companies benefit from personal info by being able to provide personalized ads. When you click “yes” at the end of a terms and conditions agreement found on some web pages, you might be allowing the companies to collect the following data:

• Personal data. This includes identity-related info like your name, gender, Social Security number, and device-related info like IP address, web browser cookies, and device IDs. Personal data is usually collected to classify users into different demographics based on certain parameters. This helps advertisers analyze what sections of the audience interact with their ads and what they can do to cater to their target audience.
• Usage data. Your interactions with a business’s website, text messages, emails, paid ads, and other online activities are recorded to build an accurate consumer profile. This consumer profile is used to determine and predict what kind of content (including ads) you’re more likely to interact with and for how long.
• Behavioral data. Purchase histories, repeated actions, time spent, movement, and navigation on the platform, and other types of qualitative data are covered under behavioral data. This helps platforms determine your “favorite” purchases or interactions so they can suggest other similar content/products.
• Attitudinal data. Companies measure brand and customer experiences using data on consumer satisfaction, product desirability, and purchase decisions. Marketing agencies use this data for direct consumer research and creative analysis.

For someone unfamiliar with privacy issues, it is important to understand the extent of big tech’s tracking and data collection. After these companies collect data, all this info can be supplied to third-party businesses or used to improve user experience.

The problem with this is that big tech has blurred the line between collecting customer data and violating user privacy in some cases. While tracking what content you interact with can be justified under the garb of personalizing the content you see, big tech platforms have been known to go too far. Prominent social networks like Facebook and LinkedIn have faced legal trouble for accessing personal user data like private messages and saved photos.

How do companies use the info you provide?

The info you provide helps build an accurate character profile and turns it into knowledge that gives actionable insights to businesses. Private data usage can be classified into three cases: selling it to data brokers, using it to improve marketing, or enhancing customer experience.

To sell your info to data brokers

Along with big data, another industry has seen rapid growth: data brokers. Data brokers buy, analyze, and package your data. Companies that collect large amounts of data on their users stand to profit from this service. Selling data to brokers is an important revenue stream for big tech companies.

Advertisers and businesses benefit from increased info on their consumers, creating a high demand for your info. The problem here is that companies like Facebook and Alphabet (Google’s parent company) have been known to mine massive amounts of user data for the sake of their advertisers.

To personalize marketing efforts

Marketing can be highly personalized thanks to the availability of large amounts of consumer data. Tracking your response to marketing campaigns can help businesses alter or improve certain aspects of their campaign to drive better results.

The problem is that most AI-based algorithms are incapable of assessing when they should stop collecting or using your info. After a point, users run the risk of being constantly subjected to intrusive ads and other unconsented marketing campaigns that pop up frequently.

To cater to the customer experience

Analyzing consumer behavior through reviews, feedback, and recommendations can help improve customer experience. Businesses have access to various facets of data that can be analyzed to show them how to meet consumer demands. This might help improve any part of a consumer’s interaction with the company, from designing special offers and discounts to improving customer relationships.

For most social media platforms, the goal is to curate a personalized feed that appeals to users and allows them to spend more time on the app. When left unmonitored, the powerful algorithms behind these social media platforms can repeatedly subject you to the same kind of content from different creators.

Which companies track the most info?

Here are the big tech companies that collect and mine the most user data.

• Google is the most avid big tech data miner currently on the internet because the search engine deals almost exclusively with user data. Google tracks and analyzes everything from your Gmail and calling history (for VoLTE calls) to your Chrome browsing preferences through third-party cookies.
• Meta’s Facebook collects phone numbers, personal messages, public comments, and metadata from all your photos and videos. Facebook primarily uses this data to fuel its demographic-based targeted ad mechanisms.
• Amazon has recently admitted to storing many user data points, including phone numbers, credit card info, usernames, passwords, and even Social Security numbers. Amazon also stores info about your search terms and previously bought products.
• X (Twitter).Platforms like X employ a “family of apps” technique to gather sensitive user data. While these platforms openly collect and mine user data themselves, they also collect info from app networks that include several other third-party apps. These apps choose to partner with tech giants for better profits.
• While much better than its competitors, Apple still mines a lot of user data. While Apple’s systems allow users to control their privacy settings, Apple gives all its users’ info to Apple’s iOS-based advertisement channels. The iPhone App Store is another place where user data is exclusively used to create customized user experiences.
• Microsoft primarily collects device-related data like system configurations, system capabilities, IP addresses, and port numbers. It also harvests your regular search and query data to customize your search options and make for a better user experience.

Discover how McAfee can help protect your identity online. 

Users need a comprehensive data privacy solution to tackle the rampant, large-scale data mining carried out by big tech platforms. While targeted advertisements and easily found items are beneficial, many of these companies collect and mine user data through several channels simultaneously, exploiting them in several ways.

It’s important to ensure your personal info is protected. Protection solutions like McAfee’s Personal Data Cleanup feature can help. It scours the web for traces of your personal info and helps remove it for your online privacy.

McAfee+ provides antivirus software for all your digital devices and a secure VPN connection to avoid exposure to malicious third parties while browsing the internet. Our Identity Monitoring and personal data removal solutions further remove gaps in your devices’ security systems.

With our data protection and custom guidance (complete with a protection score for each platform and tips to keep you safer), you can be sure that your internet identity is protected.

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